Q&A

Effects without a specified timing take effect at the "Character/enchant/area enchant effects" step.
Effects are resolved starting with the priority player (the player whose side the medal on the Chronos is on), and players may choose the order their own effects take effect in.

Generally, no.
If you set a new area enchant card while one is already out, they're swapped at the area enchant swap step after the turn starts. After that, only the newly set area enchant card's effect takes effect, if it can be used.
If an effect's timing is before the card swap, the area enchant card that was already out has its effect resolved, then the cards are swapped, and then the newly set area enchant card's effect is resolved.

No, you must always set at least 1 card from your hand.

No. Using a card that needs power doesn't mean discarding cards from your power charger.
Cards in the power charger aren't moved unless a specific effect moves them, and their power (SEND TO POWER) keeps adding up.

No. The total SEND TO POWER of every card in the power charger, whatever its type, is the total power that player has.

Yes, both cards' effects take effect.
Even when you set 2 cards while preparing for the turn, power costs aren't added together. Each card is checked on its own.

No, it doesn't.
However, its clock still counts when the Chronos is moved, and it's still swapped into set zone C at the area enchant swap.
While its power cost isn't met, it isn't put in the power charger or abyss even when the conditions for that are met, and it stays in set zone C unless it's swapped out.
Once enough power has built up, its effect can take effect.

At the start of the turn, time moves forward by the clocks of the cards set that turn, including Compass Clock (Hunch Gray) and The egocentric password“ ”, and effects are resolved starting with the cards played by the priority player (the player on whose side the medal is after time has moved forward).
For example, if the player who played Compass Clock (Hunch Gray) is the priority player, "Return to the time at the beginning of the turn" is resolved first, then The egocentric password“ ”'s "Set the clock to midnight", so the Chronos ends up at midnight.

If you're the night side player, it does.
The Chronos changed from night to day at the start of the turn, so effects are resolved starting with the day side player.
The card that "sets the clock to midnight" is resolved first, so the Chronos, which changed from night to day at the start of the turn, moves from day to night (midnight) by that card's effect.
Time has now gone night → day → night, so your card's effect, resolved after that, takes effect.
If you were on the day side, your card would be resolved first, but at that point day hasn't changed to night, so it finishes resolving without taking effect.

Yes, your opponent loses the game.

Yes, the priority player can change at each step.
At each step, the priority player is worked out from where the Chronos medal is, then effects are resolved.

Yes. Players can look at the cards in their own hand whenever they like, and can change the order of the cards however they like.